Intro to Animation: Summer 2007 week 8: evening—07/02 morning

Hi, class,
You will notice that this week's posting is very similar to last week's posting, save the fact that I discuss a different character, the cow instead of the dog. That is because most of both the postings concern the same thing—creating complex symbols. This basically means, the creating of symbols within symbols. This is what my last posting for the dog goes into, and so this is what we are going to do with the cow. So, even if in class I demonstrated not only a different animal, but a completely different dog from the last posting, I'm still talking about the same idea: First, we make a series of graphic symbols, and then we combine them into a larger movie-clip symbol that encompasses the others.
For the homework, I want you to continue working on the complex symbols, particularly the dog and the cow. Make sure that you've got them looking nice for next week's class, and try to animate them so that their heads are moving back and forth. You should also try making their eyes animated as well so that they blink.

Have a nice weekend. Carter-

TOPICS:
1. Complex Symbols:
  - LINK Graphic Symbols—creating the initial graphic drawings of your characters, and creating all of their parts as individual symbols;
  - LINK Nested Symbols—placing symbols within symbols;
  - LINK Animated Symbols I—animating symbols within symbols: moving the cow's head;
  - LINK Animated Symbols II—animating symbols within symbols: giving the cow blinking eyes;
HOMEWORK:This week, work on your animation projects. We will be working on these animations from now until the end of the term. The assigned homework is always going to be the minimum amount you should accomplish during the week, so I highly recommend you do much more each week.
- Continue work on creating complex symbols for your characters as demonstrated in class, and in this week's posting.
- For your cow and dog symbols, attempt to add the necessary animation. If you look at the storyboard, you will see that their heads move back and forth.
- Also, make all of your characters have blinking eyes.
STORYBOARD: below you will find links to each of the pages of the storyboard containing 3-frames each.
- LINK Frames 1-3
- LINK Frames 4-6
- LINK Frames 7-9
- LINK Frames 10-12
- LINK Frames 13-15
- LINK Frames 16-18
- LINK Frames 19-21—not yet complete
- LINK Frames 22-24—not yet complete
- LINK Frames 25-27—not yet complete
- LINK Frames 28-30—not yet complete

CHARACTER SYMBOLS:

Graphic Symbols—making the entire drawing one single symbol:
1. Following last Monday's class, after you have drawn your cow character, select the entire drawing (if there is nothing else on the stage, click in frame 1 of the layer to this).
2. Click on F8 to Convert to Symbol.
3. Give it a unique name (name it cow), select graphic for behavior, and then click okay.

Complex Symbols—creating nested symbols: symbols within symbols


1.	Sometimes it is necessary to create complex symbols. In the following situation, we will make the head, the body, the legs, and the arms into separate symbols. First, we must break apart the graphic symbol that we have already created. To do this, select the cow symbol by clicking on it one time.


2.	Next, break the symbol apart by selecting ctrl-B. At this point, the drawing of the cow on the stage is no longer a symbol instance; however, if you look into the library, you will see that you still have the symbol there.


3.	Now, select only the head of the cow. To do this you must use the arrow tool, and zoom up very close. Make certain you get all of the pieces of the cow’s head in the selection. It is very important that you do not leave any piece of the head out of your selection.


4.	Next, once you select the head, choose the arrow tool (V) and move the head away from the body.

5.	5.If you find that there are pieces of the head left out, little fragments of lines or color, then undo until the head goes back into place, and try selecting again.


6.	Once you select the head and move it away from the rest of the cow’s body, then convert it into a symbol (F8).

7.	Give it the name cow_Head, select graphic for behavior, and then click okay.



8.	Now, look at the cow’s body. You should notice that there are little gaps in the body where the head used to be. Fill in these gaps and round them out.


9.	Once done, let us try and select one of the arms of the cow; however, you will probably soon see that in such a case, when you click on the black area, it selects the black on the arm, as well as all the black on the body. So, we'll have to separate the arm from the body by drawing a single line. We can do this with a colored line so that we can see it stand out from the rest of the drawing. We will also know that we have to later delete the line. We can do so with both arms right now.


10.	Now, double-click on one of the arms and move it away from the body. Then, do the same thing to the other arm.


11.	Remember to delete those lines that you drew to separate the arms from the body.


12.	Then, select one arm at a time and convert them to graphic symbols. Name them cow_arm1 and cow_arm2.


13.	We need to do the same thing for the legs, although with this particular cow, they will be a bit easier than the arms. Therefore, simply select each leg, one at a time, move them away from the body, and convert them into symbols named cow_leg1 and cow_leg2. Don't forget to round out the tops of the legs, and to remove the strokes there.



14.	Before we convert the body into a symbol, you may have noticed that there are gaps missing from the body, chunks cut out where the arms used to be. We must fill these two areas in before we convert the body into a symbol. To do this, we must use the line tool again to close off the spaces, and then the paint bucket to fill them in.


15.	Finally, select the body, and convert it to symbol (F8). Give it the name cow_body, select graphic for type, and then click okay.


16.	Now that we have at least five graphic symbols, you may try to put them all back into place, as in a puzzle. You will find that the head is below the body, partially hidden by the body. To correct this, select the head by clicking on it one time.


17.	Next, go to Modify >> Arrange >> Bring to Front. This will put it above the body. Repeat this for the arms so that they are also above the body.

Movie-Clip Symbols—combining all the individual graphic symbols into one single movie-clip symbol:
1. Once the cow is reassembled and looks like it did originally, we will put it together into a single symbol. As it is now, it is composed of six parts: the head and the body, the two arms, and the two legs; but we want to envelope all of these parts together in a single symbol. To start, we must select all the symbol instances, each of the body parts together.
2. They must all be selected in order for this to work, so make certain you see blue boxes around them all. If so, then click on F8, convert to symbol.
3. Give this new symbol the name of cow_mc, select Movie Clip for type, and then click okay.

Animated Symbols—creating symbols that move: Moving Head
tr>


18.	The reason we are doing this is because we are going to make the head move back-and-forth as the script calls for. The graphic symbol is usually a static symbol, meaning there is no movement within it. The movie-clip symbol, on the other hand, is a dynamic symbol. It often is a symbol that contains animation. In order to make our new movie-clip into an animated symbol, we must therefore put animation inside of it. To do this we must go into the symbol (into symbol-edit mode). As we have learned, to go into symbol edit mode we must double click on the symbol or symbol instace. So, using the arrow tool (V), double-click on the cow_mc symbol. Once you do this, look in the upper-left-hand corner of the window and you will see scene 1, cow_mc. This tells us we are currently working inside the cow_mc movie-clip, in symbol-edit mode for the cow_mc symbol.


19.	Since we are going to animate the head to make it move back and forth, we must put the head into its own layer. We can actually put all of the various body parts, the various graphic symbols into their own layers. To do this we must first select all of the symbols. Then, right-click on the selection and choose distribute to layers.

20.	Next, look at all your layers. You will see that this action distribute to layers has given the layers the same names as the symbols within them; however, you might also see a few layers without names, that instead have the names layer 8 or layer 3 or layer 13. More than likely, these layers have little fragments that should be discarded and deleted. Before you do such an action, however, you should always make certain there is nothing in the layer that you need. When you are done, you should only have the layers with the names of the symbols.

21.	Now you have six layers, one with the head another with the body, others with the arms, and still others with the legs. To make certain everything is in the right place, hide one layer at a time. If you hide the body layer the body of the dog should disappear from the stage. If you hide the head layer, the head should disappear from the stage. Do this for each layer to make certain you have all the necessary parts.

22.	Lock all of the layers except the head layer.

23.	Choose the zoom tool (Z) and zoom into the head.

24.	Then, choose the free-transform tool (Q) and select the head.


25.	You should notice the little white circle in the center. This is the center-point of the head symbol. Click and drag it straight down to the top of the nose. This is the point around which the head will rotate when we make the head move back-and-forth.


26.	Now rotate the head a little.

27.	Next, click in frame sixteen (16) of the head layer and add a keyframe (F6)—don’t be alarmed if the body disappears.

28.	Then, click back in frame eight (8) of the head layer and add another keyframe (F6).

29.	Make sure that you’re still in frame eight (8) by checking to see if the red playhead in the timeline is over frame eight. Once you are in frame eight then, choose the free-transform tool (Q) again.


30.	If the center-point is not still above the top of the nose move it there again, and then rotate the head to the other direction.

31.	Finally, add motion-tweens between frames 1 and 8, and between frames 8 and 16.

32.	Hit enter to see the head move back and forth once.


33.	You should notice that the body disappears but the head remains. That is because there is only one frame in the body layer. When the playhead moves past frame one, then the body disappears. Therefore, we just need to extend the duration of the body out to frame sixteen (16). To do that, you just click in frame 16 of the body layer and hit F5 to extend the sprite (aka extend the duration).

34.	Next, click back on scene one in the upper-lefthand corner to exit symbol-edit mode.

35.	And lastly, select ctrl-enter to view the animated movie-clip looping.

Animated Symbols II—creating symbols that move: Blinking Eyes


36.	The next thing we'll do is create another movie-clip, but this one will be inside of the cow. We need to have the cow's eyes blinking, which means its eyes need to be animated. Remember, animation is just the change of something across a span of time. It may change colors, or positions, or it may change the way it looks, its size for example; or, in our case, the eyes will change the way they look, from being opened to being closed. Any of these things will constitute animation. Therefore, we will use a movie-clip symbol for the eyes. We've already drawn the eyes inside the cow_head symbol, so we must go in there to begin. Using the selection tool (V), double-click on the cow_mc symbol, and then double-click again on the cow_head symbol. These two actions will take you inside of the two symbols. If you look in the upper-lefthand corner, you should see.


36.	Once inside the cow_head symbol, zoom into the eyes, so they are large and fill up most of the screen area. We will need to get into there pretty close.


36.	Then, select the eyes. Remember, to select more than one thing, you must hold down on the shift key to add to your selection. Before doing so, however, lines must be drawn to separate the eyes from teh rest of the face. Please note the green lines that were drawn to do just that.

37.	Once you select both the eyes, convert them to a symbol (F8), and name it eyes_mc, choose movie clip for behavior.

38.	Open up the library, and make certain that the eyes_mc symbol is there in the list.


39.	Then, select the eyes ON THE STAGE and delete. Notice that there are holes where the eyes were.


40.	These holes need to be filled up with the paint bucket (K) tool.


41.	Then, from the library, drag the eyes_mc symbol back onto the stage.

42.	Double-click on the eyes_mc symbol, to enter into symbol-edit mode.

43.	Delete the little green lines that were drawn earlier from the eyes.


44.	Next, click in frame 28 and add a keyframe (F6).


45.	Since one eye is surrounded by black, and the other eye is surrounded by white, we are going to treat them each a little differently. First, make certain you are in frame 38. Then, for the one in the black, choose the paint bucket (K) and fill in the whole eye with black. As a result, it should completely disappear. For the other eye, the one surrounded by white, delete the stroke at the top, and fill the rest of the eye with white. As a result of this, just a kind of U-shaped stroke remains. This gives the illusion of a closed eye.


46.	Finally, click in frame 30 and extend its duration (F5).

47.	Click back on scene 1 when you have done this to exit the symbol.